Noninvasive serum markers for predicting significant liver histopathology in HBeAg-negative chronic HBV-infected patients with normal alanine aminotransferase.

This study is to explore the proportion of significant liver histopathology in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and investigate noninvasive indicators for predicting significant liver histopathology. A total of 201 HBeAg-negative chronic HBV-infected patients with normal ALT who underwent liver biopsy were involved in this study. Significant liver histological changes were defined as necroinflammation grade ≥2 (G ≥ 2) and/or fibrosis stage ≥2 (S ≥ 2). The results showed that 42.3% (85/201) and 45.8% (92/201) of the HBeAg-negative patients with normal ALT have significant liver necroinflammation (G ≥ 2) and fibrosis (S ≥ 2), respectively. High normal ALT (>22 U/L), high level of serum HBV DNA (>3.42 log IU/mL), and low level of prealbumin (PA) (<170 mg/L) were independent predictors for significant liver necroinflammation, and the predictive value of the combined indicators was 0.750 (P < 0.001), while high normal ALT (>24 U/L) and high level of FIB-4 (>1.53) were independent predictors for significant liver fibrosis, and the predictive value of the combined indicators was 0.740 (P < 0.001). In conclusion, more than 40% of HBeAg-negative patients with normal ALT have significant liver histopathology and require immediate antiviral treatment. ALT, PA, HBV DNA, and FIB-4 can independently predict significant liver inflammation and fibrosis for HBeAg-negative patients with normal ALT. Lowering the treatment threshold of ALT may benefit the HBeAg-negative chronic HBV-infected patients. IMPORTANCE: Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were supposed to have a low risk of progression to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma, and it was recommended to regularly follow up or undergo liver biopsy to assess liver histopathology according to the major international guidelines. However, this study indicates that a considerable number of HBeAg-negative chronic HBV-infected patients with normal ALT have significant liver histopathology and require immediate antiviral treatment. Besides, several clinical commonly used noninvasive indicators were found that can be used to predict significant liver histopathology; thereby liver biopsy might be avoided for HBeAg-negative chronic HBV-infected patients with normal ALT.

Investigating the ERG a-wave and Retinal Diseases with Rod Equivalent Circuit Model Based on the APD.

Most empirically supported mathematical models of rod cells lack theoretical support from actual physical devices. Therefore, this paper proposes an equivalent circuit model for the rod is proposed based on the photoconductive properties of the avalanche photodetector (APD) and combined with the electrical properties of the rod. The model employs the photodetector to simulate the source of the photocurrent in outer segments of rod cells and takes into account the electrical properties of the inner and outer segments, the nucleus, and the synaptic terminals. It successfully simulates the trans-retinal voltage generated by the intracellular and extracellular flow of photocurrent in the outer segment of dark-adapted rods. Moreover, the typical waveform characteristics of two retinal diseases, the enhanced short wavelength sensitivity (SWS) cone syndrome and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), are investigated on the basis of electroretinogram (ERG) a-wave. This will further elucidate the function of the visual system and the ERG a-wave characteristics of the related diseases. Comparison with published experimental results validates the reliability of the model presented. Our study provides new ideas and strategies for the diagnosis of retinal diseases and provides some theoretical support for the application of photodetectors in the fabrication of artificial retinal devices.

Transfer of inflammatory mitochondria via extracellular vesicles from M1 macrophages induces ferroptosis of pancreatic beta cells in acute pancreatitis.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) exert a significant influence not only on the pathogenesis of diseases but also on their therapeutic interventions, contingent upon the variances observed in their originating cells. Mitochondria can be transported between cells via EVs to promote pathological changes. In this study, we found that EVs derived from M1 macrophages (M1-EVs), which encapsulate inflammatory mitochondria, can penetrate pancreatic beta cells. Inflammatory mitochondria fuse with the mitochondria of pancreatic beta cells, resulting in lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial disruption. Furthermore, fragments of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are released into the cytosol, activating the STING pathway and ultimately inducing apoptosis. The potential of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-released EVs in suppressing M1 macrophage reactions shows promise. Subsequently, ADSC-EVs were utilized and modified with an F4/80 antibody to specifically target macrophages, aiming to treat ferroptosis of pancreatic beta cells in vivo. In summary, our data further demonstrate that EVs secreted from M1 phenotype macrophages play major roles in beta cell ferroptosis, and the modified ADSC-EVs exhibit considerable potential for development as a vehicle for targeted delivery to macrophages.

The objectively measured walking speed and risk of hypertension in Chinese older adults: a prospective cohort study.

This study aims to investigate the longitudinal association between objectively measured walking speed and hypertension and to explore the potential effect modification of obesity on this association in Chinese older adults. The data from the Chinese Health and Retirement Prospective Cohort Study (CHARLS) during 2011-2015 was used. Walking speed was assessed by measuring the participants' usual gait in a 2.5 m course, and it was divided into four groups according to the quartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4). A total of 2733 participants ≥60 years old were eligible for the analyses. After a follow-up of 4 years, 26.9% occurred hypertension. An inverse association was observed between walking speed and the risk of hypertension. There was an interaction between body mass index (BMI) and walking speed for the hypertension risk (P = 0.010). the association of walking speed with hypertension was stronger in overweight and obese participants (Q2, OR: 0.54, 95%CI = 0.34-0.85, P = 0.009; Q3, OR: 0.69, 95%CI = 0.44-1.08, P = 0.106; Q4, OR: 0.62, 95%CI = 0.39-0.98, P = 0.039). However, this association was not significant among lean ones. A similar trend was observed for systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In conclusion, higher walking speed was longitudinally associated with a lower risk of hypertension in Chinese older adults, especially among overweight and obese participants.

Methionine enkephalin inhibited cervical cancer migration as well as invasion and activated CD11b+ NCR1+ NKs of tumor microenvironment.

This study was to study the role of methionine enkephalin (menk) in cell invasion and migration as well as NK cells activation of tumor microenvironment in cervical cancer. The results showed that menk inhibited cervical cancer migration and invasion. In addition, we found menk affected epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) related indicators, with increasing E-cadherin level, decreasing N-cadherin and vimentin level. Through in vivo mouse model, we found that menk IFNγ and NKP46 expression was upregulated in tumor tissues by menk compared with controls, while LAG3 expression was inhibited by menk, besides, there was an upregulation of CD11b+ NCR1+ NKs of tumor microenvironment in cervical cancer. Therefore, we concluded that menk inhibited cancer migration and invasion via affecting EMT related indicators and activated CD11b+ NCR1+ NKs of tumor microenvironment in cervical cancer, laying a theoretical foundation for the further clinical treatment of menk.

Corrigendum: miR-212/132-enriched extracellular vesicles promote differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into pancreatic beta cells.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.673231.].

Effects of lower-extremity explosive strength on youth judo athletes adopting different types of power-based resistance training.

Objective: The present study compared the effects of two different resistance types (pneumatic resistance and free weight) of 6-week squat training on the performance for young female judo athletes in linear speed and vertical jump by utilizing the maximum power of each set of squats in each training session as the monitoring vehicle. Monitoring data were used to assess the effects and trends of the two resistance types on 70% 1RM weight-bearing during the 6-week intervention training. Methods: In a 6 weeks squat training (2 reps/week with a constant load), 23 adolescent female judo athletes (Age span: 13-16 years, 14.58 ± 0.96) were randomly selected and then divided into the traditional barbell (FW) group (n = 12) and the pneumatic resistance (PN) (n = 11) group according to different resistance types (free weight and pneumatic resistance), with 10 in FW group and 9 in PN group actually completed the study. Before and after training, the 30-m Sprint time (T-30M), vertical jump height and relative power (countermovement jump, static-squat jump, and drop jump), reactive strength index (DJ-RSI), and maximal strength were assessed. One-Way ANOVA was used to examine the pre-test differences of groups (FW and PN). A 2-factor mixed-model analysis of variance was used to examine the independent effects of group (FW and PN) and time (pre and post) on each dependent measure. Scheffe post hoc comparisons were used to examine the differences. Pre- and post-experimental differences between the two groups were analyzed using independent samples t-tests and magnitude-based inferences (MBI) derived from their p values, and effect statistics were applied to compare the pre- and post-changes exhibited by each group to identify the potential beneficiary groups. Results: The PN group outperformed the FW group in terms of maximal power output per training session (822.5 ± 55.22 vs. 927.42 ± 48.15, conventional vs. pneumatic, p < 0.001, effect size = -2.02). After 6 weeks of training, the FW group showed significant increases in vertical jump height and relative strength (CMJ, SJ, DJ), with no significant gains observed in T-30 and maximal strength. The PN group showed significant improvements in maximal strength; however, no significant improvements were observed in the other tests. In addition, there was no significant difference in DJ-RSI between the two groups before and after training. Discussion: At 70% weight bearing, free weight resistance appears to be more conducive to vertical jump growth, while pneumatic resistance appears to be more conducive to maximal strength gains; however, the maximal strength gains from pneumatic resistance may not be well applied to athletic performance. In addition, the body adapts more quickly to pneumatic resistance than to free weight resistance.

Superior Anticancer Potential of Nano-Paclitaxel Combined Bevacizumab Treatment in Ovarian Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is the second most common cancer to cause large death among gynecological tumors. Paclitaxel is important to the standard treatment for epithelial ovarian cancer. Due to its low solubility and permeability, nano-paclitaxel came into public view. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of nano-paclitaxel in ovarian cancer. METHODS: Considering the importance of bevacizumab in clinical treatment, we set four groups for research: control, paclitaxel, paclitaxel + bevacizumab, and nano-paclitaxel + bevacizumab. CCK-8, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays were used to detect the cell survival condition. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the gene mRNA and protein expression level. Tumor xenograft in nude mice was used to detect the effect in vivo. RESULTS: The nano-paclitaxel combined with bevacizumab had the best curative effect. Moreover, the downstream indicators, such as caspases, BAX, FAS, OGFr, PD-L1 and VEGF, changed in four groups, which suggested that the therapy worked by affecting the cell apoptosis, cell cycle, angiogenesis, and immune reaction. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the study helped us better commandof nano-paclitaxel for ovarian cancer treatment and thus could play a role in OC therapy.

Extracellular Vesicle Content Changes Induced by Melatonin Promote Functional Recovery of Pancreatic Beta Cells in Acute Pancreatitis.

Aim: Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas, which causes abnormal activation of immune cells. The macrophages were accumulated in pancreas and infiltrated into islets during the AP process to induce abnormal glucose metabolism. However, the role of macrophages in abnormal glucose metabolism remains understood. Extracellular vesicles act in the regulation of intercellular function, but whether EVs secreted by macrophages contribute to ß cell failure and apoptosis in AP is unclear. Based on this, the aim of this study was to reveal the role of macrophages-EVs in AP and develop a treatment for symptoms of hyperglycemia in AP. Methods: The AP model was established and treated by various doses of melatonin to analyze the therapeutic effect. The accumulation and polarization of macrophages in the AP pancreas were observed, and the ß cells were incubated with pancreatic derived EVs to analyze the role in ß cell failure and apoptosis. Results: The results showed that macrophages were recruited and polarized to M1 phenotype macrophages in the pancreas of AP mice, which obtained inflammatory EVs that contained specific miRNAs to induce ß cell failure and apoptosis. Then, the EVs derived from M1 macrophages triggered ß cell failure and apoptosis. Melatonin prevented polarization of macrophages to the M1 phenotype in vivo, which reduced the secretion of inflammatory EVs, changed the abundance of miRNAs in EVs, and therefore decreased inflammatory EV-mediated ß cell failure and apoptosis. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that similar to 20S proteasome inhibitor MG132, analyses indicated that melatonin prevented degradation of IκBα through the ubiquitylation pathway to restrict p50 subunits to the cytoplasm of macrophages, inhibited activation of the NF-κB pathway to downregulate the transcription of specific miRNAs, and reduced miRNA transport into EVs.

Immune cell-derived extracellular vesicular microRNAs induce pancreatic beta cell apoptosis.

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by an autoimmune response against pancreatic islet ß cells. Increasing evidence indicates that specific microRNAs (miRNAs) from immune cells extracellular vesicles are involved in islet ß cells apoptosis. Methods: In this study, the microarray datasets GSE27997 and GSE137637 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. miRNAs that promote islet ß cells apoptosis in T1DM were searched in PubMed. We used the FunRich tool to determine the miRNA expression in extracellular vesicles derived from immune cells associated with islet ß cell apoptosis, of which we selected candidate miRNAs based on fold change expression. Potential upstream transcription factors and downstream target genes of candidate miRNAs were predicted using TransmiR V2.0 and starBase database, respectively. Results: Candidate miRNAs expressed in extracellular vesicles derived from T cells, pro-inflammatory macrophages, B cells, and dendritic cells were analyzed to identify the miRNAs involved in ß cells apoptosis. Based on these candidate miRNAs, 25 downstream candidate genes, which positively regulate ß cell functions, were predicted and screened; 17 transcription factors that positively regulate the candidate miRNAs were also identified. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that immune cell-derived extracellular vesicular miRNAs could promote islet ß cell dysfunction and apoptosis. Based on these findings, we have constructed a transcription factor-miRNA-gene regulatory network, which provides a theoretical basis for clinical management of T1DM. This study provides novel insights into the mechanism underlying immune cell-derived extracellular vesicle-mediated islet ß cell apoptosis.

Uterine macrophages as treatment targets for therapy of premature rupture of membranes by modified ADSC-EVs through a circRNA/miRNA/NF-κB pathway.

BACKGROUND: Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of stable non-coding RNA that modifies macrophage inflammation by sponging micro RNAs (miRNAs), binding to RNA-binding proteins, and undergoing translation into peptides. Activated M1 phenotype macrophages secrete matrix metalloproteinases to participate in softening of the cervix uteri to promote vaginal delivery. METHODS: In this study, the premature rupture of membranes (PROM) mouse model was used to analyze the role of macrophages in this process. Profiling of circRNAs was performed using a competing endogenous RNA microarray, and their functions were elucidated in vitro. Meanwhile, adipose tissue-derived stem cell-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) were applied as a vehicle to transport small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting the circRNAs to demonstrate their biological function in vivo. RESULTS: The miRNA miR-1931 is dependent on the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway but negatively regulates its activation by targeting the NF-κB signaling transducer TRAF6 to prevent polarization of M1 macrophages and inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) secretion. The host gene of circRNA B4GALNT1, also an NF-κB pathway-dependent gene, circularizes to form circRNA_0002047, which sponges miR-1931 to maintain NF-κB pathway activation and MMP secretion in vitro. In the PROM model, EVs loaded with siRNAs targeting circRNAs demonstrated that the circRNAs reduced miR-1931 expression to maintain NF-κB pathway activation and MMP secretion for accelerating PROM in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide insights into understanding PROM pathogenesis and improving PROM treatment.

Flywheel eccentric overload exercises versus barbell half squats for basketball players: Which is better for induction of post-activation performance enhancement?

OBJECTIVE: This study compared the post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) effects of a flywheel eccentric overload (FEOL) exercise and barbell half squats (BHS) on countermovement jump (CMJ) and 30 m sprint performance. METHODS: Twelve male collegiate competitive basketball players were enrolled in this study and they implemented two training protocols: barbell half squat (BHS) and flywheel eccentric overload (FEOL) training. The BHS protocol included three intensities of load: low (40% 1RM), medium (60% 1RM), and high (80% 1RM), with each intensity consisting of 5 sets of 3 repetitions. The FEOL protocol included three inertia intensities: low (0. 015 kg∙m2), medium (0.035 kg∙m2), and high (0.075 kg∙m2), with each intensity consisting of 3 sets of 6 repetitions. The measurement time points were before training (baseline) and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 minutes after training. A two-stage (stage-I and stage-II) randomized crossover design was used to determine the acute effects of both protocols on CMJ and sprint performance. RESULTS: At each training intensity, the jump height, jump peak power output (PPO), jump impulse and 30m sprint speed at 3, 6, 9, and 12 minutes after BHS and FEOL training did not change significantly compared to the baseline. A 2-way ANOVA analysis indicated significant main effects of rest intervals on jump height, jump PPO, and jump impulse, as well as 30m sprint speed. The interaction of the Time × protocol showed a significant effect on jump height between BHS and FEOL groups at high intensity in stage-I (F = 3.809, p = 0.016, df = 4) and stage-II (F = 3.044, p = 0.037, df = 4). And in high training intensity, the jump height at 3 (7.78 ± 9.90% increase, ES = 0.561), 6 (8.96 ± 12.15% increase, ES = 0.579), and 9 min (8.78 ± 11.23% increase, ES = 0.608) were enhanced in I-FEOL group compared with I-BHS group (F = 3.044, p = 0.037, df = 4). In stage-II, the impulse and sprint speed of the FEOL group were significantly higher than those of the BHS group at 6, 9, and 12 min under low (FEOL = 0.015kg∙m2, BHS = 40%1RM), medium(FEOL = 0.035kg∙m2, BHS = 60%1RM), and high (FEOL = 0.075kg∙m2, BHS = 80%1RM) intensities. Furthermore, the sprint speed of the two training protocols did not change at different time points. The interaction of Time × training intensity showed lower sprint speeds in the II-BHS group at a high intensity (BHS = 80%1RM) compared to low (BHS = 40%1RM) and medium (BHS = 60%1RM) training intensities, especially at 9 min and 12 min rest intervals. CONCLUSION: Although barbell half squat training and flywheel eccentric overload training did not provide a significant PAPE effect on explosive power (CMJ and sprint) in male basketball players, FEOL training showed a better potential effect on enhanced CMJ jump performance at the high training intensity.

Association of electroencephalogram epileptiform discharges during cardiac surgery with postoperative delirium: An observational study.

Background: Delirium is a frequent and serious complication following cardiac surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Electroencephalography reflects the electrical activity of the cerebral cortex. The impact of electroencephalographic epileptiform discharges during cardiac surgery on postoperative delirium remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between intraoperative epileptiform discharges and postoperative delirium in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: A total of 76 patients who underwent cardiac surgery under CPB were included. The baseline cognitive status was measured before surgery. Electroencephalograms were monitored continuously from entry into the operating room to the end of surgery. The presence of delirium was assessed through the Confusion Assessment Method or the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit on the first 3 days after surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between epileptiform discharges and delirium. Results: Delirium occurred in 31% of patients and epileptiform discharges were present in 26% of patients in the study. Patients with delirium had a higher incidence of epileptiform discharges (52.63% vs. 13.95%, P < 0.001) and longer durations of anesthesia and CPB (P = 0.023 and P = 0.015, respectively). In addition, patients with delirium had a longer length of hospital stay and a higher incidence of postoperative complications. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and epileptiform discharges were significantly associated with the incidence of postoperative delirium [odds ratio, 4.75 (1.26-17.92), P = 0.022; 5.00 (1.34-18.74), P = 0.017, respectively]. Conclusions: Postoperative delirium is significantly related to the occurrence of epileptiform discharges during cardiac surgery.

Hepatocyte-Specific Knock-Out of Nfib Aggravates Hepatocellular Tumorigenesis via Enhancing Urea Cycle.

Nuclear Factor I B (NFIB) has been reported to promote tumor growth, metastasis, and liver regeneration, but its mechanism in liver cancer is not fully elucidated. The present study aims to reveal the role of NFIB in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. In our study, we constructed hepatocyte-specific NFIB gene knockout mice with CRISPR/Cas9 technology (Nfib-/-; Alb-cre), and induced liver cancer mouse model by intraperitoneal injection of DEN/CCl4. First, we found that Nfib-/- mice developed more tumor nodules and had heavier livers than wild-type mice. H&E staining indicated that the liver histological severity of Nfib-/- group was more serious than that of WT group. Then we found that the differentially expressed genes in the tumor tissue between Nfib-/- mice and wild type mice were enriched in urea cycle. Furthermore, ASS1 and CPS1, the core enzymes of the urea cycle, were significantly upregulated in Nfib-/- tumors. Subsequently, we validated that the expression of ASS1 and CPS1 increased after knockdown of NFIB by lentivirus in normal hepatocytes and also promoted cell proliferation in vitro. In addition, ChIP assay confirmed that NFIB can bind with promoter region of both ASS1 and CPS1 gene. Our study reveals for the first time that hepatocyte-specific knock-out of Nfib aggravates hepatocellular tumor development by enhancing the urea cycle.

A Descriptive Study of Total Serum Homocysteine Status in Adult Henan Province, China.

BACKGROUND: Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Total serum homocysteine (tHcy) status varies greatly with ethnicity and gender. Here, we studied the tHcy status by investigating concentration of tHcy and calculating prevalence of HHcy according to different age groups and genders. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of 10,258 participants (7,248 males and 3,010 females) above 19 years old from Henan Province, northern China. tHcy levels were determined enzymatically. HHcy was defined as a tHcy level higher than 15 µmol/L. RESULTS: In the whole population, the median value of tHcy was 13.56 (11.50, 16.50) µmol/L, and the HHcy prevalence was 34.61%. Males had much higher tHcy levels than females: 14.51 (12.58, 17.71) µmol/L vs. 11.23 (9.75, 12.97) µmol/L, p < 0.001. Also, males had much higher HHcy prevalence than females (44.33% vs. 11.20%, p < 0.001, OR = 6.33, 95% CI: 5.59 - 7.14). HHcy prevalence and tHcy levels increased greatly for both genders above 60 years old. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated that prevalence of HHcy is very high in northern China. Implementation of tHcy-lowering strategies is needed.

RETRACTED: LncRNA SNHG6 facilitates cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT by upregulating UCK2 and activating the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling in cervical cancer.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. The articles includes image duplication of 10 images in Figure 6, specifically Figures 6C and Figure 6G. Images used in Figure 6 were also found to have been duplicated in Figure 8 of this article. Any re-use of any data or images should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents a misuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict chronic postoperative pain in elderly orthopedic patients.

BACKGROUND: At present, there is no nomogram for predicting chronic postoperative pain (CPSP) in elderly orthopedic patients. This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive nomogram of CPSP in elderly orthopedic patients, in order to analyze the risk factors of CPSP in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery and provide support for the clinical prediction of the CPSP in elderly orthopedic patients. METHODS: A total of 1,227 elderly patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery were enrolled. The demographic and clinical data of patients were collected from the hospital electronic case system, and CPSP was diagnosed 3 months after surgery by telephone questionnaire based on the standards of the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP). Patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not they had CPSP, and a predictive nomogram was developed using multivariate logistic regression analysis, followed by internal and external validation. RESULTS: Six variables were selected as independent predictors of CPSP in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery: spouse or not, preoperative pain at surgical site, preoperative pain at non-surgical site, type of surgery, postoperative hospital stay, and acute postoperative pain (APSP) or not (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of this nomogram was 0.815 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.783-0.847], showing good calibration and clinical practicability. CONCLUSIONS: The predictive nomogram of CPSP in this study has good prediction ability and accuracy, and can play an important auxiliary role in screening high-risk elderly patients with CPSP undergoing orthopedic surgery.

Research on Volleyball Video Intelligent Description Technology Combining the Long-Term and Short-Term Memory Network and Attention Mechanism.

With the development of computer technology, video description, which combines the key technologies in the field of natural language processing and computer vision, has attracted more and more researchers' attention. Among them, how to objectively and efficiently describe high-speed and detailed sports videos is the key to the development of the video description field. In view of the problems of sentence errors and loss of visual information in the generation of the video description text due to the lack of language learning information in the existing video description methods, a multihead model combining the long-term and short-term memory network and attention mechanism is proposed for the intelligent description of the volleyball video. Through the introduction of the attention mechanism, the model pays much attention to the significant areas in the video when generating sentences. Through the comparative experiment with different models, the results show that the model with the attention mechanism can effectively solve the loss of visual information. Compared with the LSTM and base model, the multihead model proposed in this paper, which combines the long-term and short-term memory network and attention mechanism, has higher scores in all evaluation indexes and significantly improved the quality of the intelligent text description of the volleyball video.

Propofol Regulates the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway Through miRNA-155 to Protect Colorectal Cancer Intestinal Barrier.

Surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC) can cause damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier and lead to bacterial invasion. This study mainly analyzed whether propofol (PPF) could protect the intestinal mucosal barrier damage caused by CRC surgery, and explored its molecular mechanism. A mouse CRC model was constructed using azomethane and dextran sulfate sodium. During anesthesia, continuous intravenous injection of PPF was used for intervention. The influences of PPF on intestinal mucosal permeability and bacterial invasion were detected. The levels of microRNA (miR)-155, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB in the intestinal mucosa, and the location of miR-155 were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Mouse macrophages were used to analyze the regulation of miR-155 on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. PPF treatment promoted the expression of tight junction protein in the intestinal mucosa, protected the intestinal barrier, inhibited the translocation of intestinal bacteria, and increased the level of the beneficial bacterium Lactobacillus on the mucosal surface. In addition, PPF treatment could inhibit the expression of miR-155, TLR4/NF-KB, and reverse inflammatory response. miR-155 was expressed in macrophages of intestinal mucosa tissue. Overexpression of miR-155 promoted the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. The use of VIPER to inhibit TLR4 reversed the pro-inflammatory effects of miR-155. PPF might inhibit the activation of the NF-κB pathway by downregulating miR-155 expression, thereby reducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. This might be the mechanism by which PPF protected the intestinal barrier of CRC surgical model mice.